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Synlett
DOI: 10.1055/a-2675-4094
DOI: 10.1055/a-2675-4094
Synpacts
Recent Progress in Enantioselective Synthesis of γ-Lactams Bearing Chiral α-Quaternary Carbons
We thank the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFA1504300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22188101 and 22325103), the Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations and “Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter”, Nankai University (63181206), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (63241529) for financial support.
Supported by: National Natural Science Foundation of China 22188101,22325103
Supported by: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 63241529
Supported by: Key R&D Program of China 2022YFA1504300
Abstract
The enantioselective construction of γ-lactams bearing chiral α-quaternary carbons represents a significant challenge in organic synthesis due to steric and stereoelectronic constraints. This Synpact highlights recent advancements in two complementary strategies: (1) ring decoration of preformed γ-lactams via asymmetric functionalization and (2) ring construction through transition metal–catalyzed carbonylative cyclization. Emphasis is placed on emerging methods utilizing inert C(O)–H/CN precursors, with an analysis of recent advancements, current limitations, and future directions.
Keywords
γ-Lactams - Chiral quaternary carbon - Transition metal catalysis - Organic catalysis - Carbonylative cyclizationPublication History
Received: 03 June 2025
Accepted after revision: 03 August 2025
Accepted Manuscript online:
03 August 2025
Article published online:
26 August 2025
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For selected reviews on bioactive γ-lactams bearing a quaternary carbon, see:
For selected reviews on the construction of quaternary centers, see: